Commodities: Fieldcrops: Peanuts: 2008 Peanut Update

2008 Peanut Update

University of Georgia Peanut Breeding Program

Bill Branch

• GEORGIA GREEN
• GEORGIA-01R
• GEORGIA-02C
• GEORGIA-03L
• GEORGIA Hi-O/L
• GEORGIA VALENCIA
• GEORGIA-04S
• GEORGIA-05E
• GEORGIA-06G and GEORGIA GREENER
• GEORGIA-07W
• Table 1.  Three-Year Average Dollar Value Return per Acre of 20 Runner-Type Peanut Varieties across Multilocations in Georgia, 2005-07.
• Table 2.  Three-Year Average Yield (lb/a) of Runner-Type Peanut Varieties under Irrigation and Nonirrigation at Multilocations in Georgia, 2005-07.
• Table 3.  Six-Year Average Yield, Grade, Seed Size and Dollar Value of Seven Valencia-Type Peanut Varieties in Georgia, 2001-06.
• Table 4.  Seven-Year Average Yield, Grade, Seed Size and Dollar Value of Five Spanish-Type Peanut Varieties in Georgia, 2000-06.
• Table 5.  Seven-Year (37 Tests) Average Field Performance of Three Runner-Type Peanut Varieties at Multilocations in Georgia, 2000-06.
• Table 6.  Seven-Year (39 Tests) Average Field Performance of Georgia-01R vs. C-99R over Multilocations in Georgia, 2000-06.
• Table 7.  Four-Year (23 Tests) Average Disease Incidence, Yield, Grade, and Dollar Value of Three Runner-Type Peanut Varieties at Multilocations in Georgia, 2003-06.
• Table 8.  Nine-Year (50 Tests) Average Performance of Three Virginia-Type Peanut Varieties at Multilocations in Georgia, 1998-06.
• Table 9.  Six-Year (32 Tests) Average Disease Incidence, Pod Yield, TSMK Grade, ELK Grade, Seed Count, and Dollar Values of Georgia-05E vs. Georgia Hi-O/L in Georgia, 2001-06.

“GEORGIA GREEN” is a high-yielding, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)-resistant runner-type peanut variety that was released in 1995 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations.  It was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, Georgia.  Georgia Green is highly productive, and has very good stability across many different environments.  Year after year, it is hard to beat Georgia Green in overall performance.  In state yield tests conducted at multilocations in Georgia since 2003, Georgia Green was found to have a higher yield, grade, and dollar value return per acre than three other new medium maturing runner-type varieties: AP-3, Carver, and Andru II.

After more than a decade of research tests, Georgia Green still maintains a stable high level of resistance to TSWV.  It also has a high level of Rhizoctonia limb rot resistance which most other varieties do not have.

Georgia Green has had a significantly positive impact by remaining highly productive over several years and a wide-range of environments (irrigated and dryland production, single or twin rows, conventional as well as reduced tillage.)  In spite of the recent stresses and increased TSWV disease pressure, growers still produce top yields with Georgia Green.  During 2001, Georgia produced the second highest average state yield of 3330 lbs/a with TSWV, and 2003 was yet another excellent year for the farmers-favorite Georgia Green peanut variety which set a new record high average state yield of 3450 lbs/a beating the previous record set back in 1984 with Florunner at a time without tomato spotted wilt virus.

Georgia Green has many other good attributes and desirable traits in addition to producing excellent yields, grades, and dollar value returns per acre for the peanut growers.  It has regular runner seed size which saves growers in seed costs and which shellers prefer for pod and seed size distribution and shellout compared to larger runner varieties.  It has a medium maturity which is about 2-3 weeks earlier than the later maturing runner varieties.

For the consumer, Georgia Green offers very good flavor and nutritional qualities similar to the all-time best U. S. standard Florunner variety.  In a recent large-scale multiple state and year study, Georgia Green was found to be comparable or better in roasted peanut flavor and taste in comparison to Florunner.  Overall, the Georgia Green peanut variety continues to benefit the whole peanut industry (growers, shellers, manufacturers, and consumers).

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“GEORGIA-01R” is a new multiple pest resistant runner-type peanut variety that was released in 2001 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations.  It too was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, GA.  Georgia-01R has shown good resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), both early and late leafspots, stem rot or white mold, Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR), and leafhoppers, which should be beneficial in lowering production costs.  When grown with recommended or reduced pesticides, Georgia-01R was found to have a significantly lower percentage of disease incidence, higher yield, grade, and dollar value return per acre than C-99R, and Tifrunner.  Georgia-01R has the same late maturity and spreading runner growth habit as these other varieties.

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“GEORGIA-02C” is a new high-oleic runner-type variety that was released in 2002 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations.  It was also developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station at Tifton, GA.  Georgia-02C can have later maturity than Georgia Green with seed and pod size slightly larger.  It also has the high oleic and low linoleic fatty acid oil chemistry with spreading runner growth habit.  Georgia-02C has resulted in higher yields, grades, and dollar value returns per acre than all of the other high-oleic varieties: Florida-07, AT-3085RO, York, McCloud, Andru II, and Tamrun OL07.  Georgia-02C has excellent TSWV resistance as well as CBR resistance.

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“GEORGIA-03L” is a new large-podded runner-type peanut variety that was released in 2003 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations.  It was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton.  Georgia-03L has similar maturity as Georgia Green with pods and seed significantly larger.  Georgia-03L also has a high level of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and moderate resistance to soilborne diseases: white mold or stem rot and CBR.  It has a high percentage of large smooth bright pods with an intermediate runner growth habit and pink seedcoat color.  Georgia-03L is highly productive and was found to be higher in yield than Georgia Green and C-99R.  Georgia-03L combines disease resistance with large pods, medium maturity, and excellent yields.  It has very good stability and a wide range of adaptability throughout the major peanut production areas.

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“GEORGIA Hi-O/L” is a new high-O/L ratio virginia-type peanut variety that was released in 1999 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations.  It was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station.  Georgia Hi-O/L has high oleic (O) and low linoleic (L) fatty acid ratio for improved oil quality.  In 50 tests conducted at multiple locations in Georgia during the past nine-years (1998-06), Georgia Hi-O/L was found to have a significantly higher yield, grade, and dollar value return per acre than Gregory and NC-V 11.  Georgia Hi-O/L also has a good level of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV).  It has an intermediate runner growth habit, pink seedcoat color, a large proportion of extra large kernels (ELK) and it is very similar to other virginia-types in maturity.  Georgia Hi-O/L combines high yield with high TSWV resistance and high O/L ratio.

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“GEORGIA VALENCIA” is a new valencia-type peanut variety that was released in 2000 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations.  AGEORGIA RED@ is a similar valencia-type variety that was jointly released by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations and USDA-ARS in 1986.  Both Georgia Valencia and Georgia Red are excellent choices for the fresh-market boiling trade in the Southeast because of their high yield performance, large fruit size, and compact bunch growth habit.  In Georgia Peanut Variety Tests, the six-year (2001-2006) average performance shows Georgia Valencia and Georgia Red to have higher yields, grades, and dollar values compared to Valencia McRan, New Mexico Valencia C, New Mexico Valencia A, H & W Val 101, and H & W Val 102.   Both Georgia Valencia and Georgia Red also have better disease tolerance with similar maturity as these other valencia varieties. 

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“GEORGIA-04S” is a new high-oleic small-seeded peanut variety that was released in 2004 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station.  Georgia-04S is intended for the same confectionary or candy market as used by spanish-types.  However, Georgia-04S would also be excellent for the roasted or peanut butter trade as well.  It has pods and seed size similar to other spanish market type varieties.  Georgia-04S has shown a significantly higher yield, TSMK grade, and dollar value per acre compared to all other leading spanish varieties during the past seven years (2000-2006) in Georgia.  Georgia-04S also has significantly better tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) resistance than these other spanish varieties.

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“GEORGIA-05E” is a new high-oleic, multiple-pest-resistant, virginia-type peanut variety that was released in 2005 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations. It was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, GA.  Georgia-05E has the high-oleic (O) and low linoleic (L) fatty acid ratio for improved oil quality.  In multilocation tests conducted in Georgia during the past six-years (2000-06), Georgia-05E was found to have a significantly higher yield, grade, and dollar value return per acre than Georgia Hi-O/L.  These other virginia-type varieties are also very susceptible to both early and late leafspots.  However, Georgia-05E has shown leafspot resistance and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) resistance comparable to some of the more disease resistant runner-types.  It has also shown moderate insect resistance to potato leafhopper. Georgia-05E has a runner growth habit, medium-late maturity, tan seedcoat color, and a higher percentage of extra large kernels (ELK) compared to other virginia-types.

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“GEORGIA-06G” and “GEORGIA GREENER” are two new high-yielding, TSWV-resistant, runner-type peanut varieties that were released in 2006 by the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations.  Both were developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, GA.  Georgia-06G and Georgia Greener have a high level of resistance to spotted wilt disease caused by tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV).  In multilocation tests conducted in Georgia during the past several years, Georgia-06G and Georgia Green were found to be among the lowest in TSWV incidence and total disease incidence, highest in pod yield, TSMK grade, and dollar value return per acre compared to all of the other runner-types tested each and every year.  Georgia-06G is a large-seeded runner-type peanut variety; whereas, Georgia Greener is more of a regular seed size runner-type variety.  Each has an immediate or decumbent runner growth habit and medium maturity similar to Georgia Green.

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“GEORGIA-07W” is a new high-yielding, TSWV-resistant, white mold-resistant, runner-type peanut variety that was released in 2007.  It was developed at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station in Tifton, GA.  Georgia-07W has a high level of resistance to both diseases, tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) and white mold or stem rot.  In multilocation tests conducted in Georgia during the past several years, Georgia-07W was found to be among the lowest in TSWV incidence and total disease incidence, highest in yield, grade, and dollar value return per acre.  Georgia-07W is a large-seeded runner-type variety with a runner growth habit and medium maturity.  It also has very good stability and a wide-range of adaptability.

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Table 1.  Three-Year Average Dollar Value Return per Acre of 20 Runner-Type Peanut Varieties across Multilocations in Georgia, 2005-07.

Runner	Dollar Values ($/a)				3-Yr
Variety	2005	2006	2007	Mean
Georgia-06G	662	806	770	746
Georgia Greener	646	805	751	734
*Georgia-02C	592	774	752	706
Georgia-03L	589	789	688	686
Georgia-01R	592	761	663	672
Georgia Green	590	694	660	648
C-99R	564	696	650	637
Carver	502	652	654	603
AT-3081R	525	691	586	601
AP-3	517	652	631	600
Tifrunner	548	607	601	585
*Andru II	437	542	520	500
Georgia-07W	-	858	773	-
*Florida-07	-	750	733	-
*York	-	686	705	-
*AT-3085RO	-	711	652	-
*McCloud	-	637	632	-
Tifguard	-	-	709	-
AP-4	-	-	691	-
*Tamrun OL07	-	-	605	-

* High-Oleic Varieties

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Table 2.  Three-Year Average Yield (lb/a) of Runner-Type Peanut Varieties under Irrigation and Nonirrigation at Multilocations in Georgia, 2005-07.

Runner	Tifton		Plains		Midville
Variety	Irrig.	Nonirrig	Irrig.	Nonirrig	Irrig.	Nonirrig†
Georgia-06G	5351	4505	4852	3885	3561	2909
Georgia Greener	5360	4182	4834	3927	3359	2566
Georgia-02C	5035	4190	4505	3691	3838	2706
Georgia-03L	4954	4228	4688	3624	3494	2564
Georgia-01R	4877	4178	4548	3461	3964	2208
Georgia Green	4837	3630	4227	3053	3129	2132
C-99R	5165	3938	4356	2995	3978	2511
Carver	4927	3992	4301	3330	3388	2278
AT-3081R	4865	3895	4480	3574	3696	2478
AP-3	4930	4448	4153	3209	3227	2476
Tifrunner	4587	4085	4318	3243	3906	2300
Andru II	4041	3287	3922	3332	3045	1910

† Mean of two-years (2005 and 2007).  Missing 2006 data from Midville nonirrigated test.

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Table 3.  Six-Year Average Yield, Grade, Seed Size and Dollar Value of Seven Valencia-Type Peanut Varieties in Georgia, 2001-06.

Valencia	Yield	TSMK	Seed	Value
Variety	(lb/a)	(%)	(no./lb)	($/a)
Georgia Valencia	2499 a	58 b	852 d	418 a
Georgia Red	1949 b	62 a	1026 c	359 b
H & W Val. 101	1510 c	55 c	1220 b	246 c
N.M. Val. C.	1485 c	55 c	1280 ab	242 c
Val. McRan	1481 c	53 cd	1264 ab	236 c
N.M. Val. A.	1505 c	52 d	1301 a	234 c
H & W Val. 102	1385 c	54 cd	1258 ab	213 c

Means within the same column followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at P≤0.05.

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Table 4.  Seven-Year Average Yield, Grade, Seed Size and Dollar Value of Five Spanish-Type Peanut Varieties in Georgia, 2000-06.

Spanish	Yield	TSMK	Seed	Value
Variety	(lb/a)	(%)	(no./lb)	($/a)
*Georgia-04S	3921 a	72 a	1192 a	831 a
Tamspan 90	2755 b	66 b	1184 a	560 b
*OLin	1975 c	65 b	1243 a	391 c
Pronto	1800 c	64 b	1177 a	361 c
Spanco	1891 c	62 c	1217 a	360 c

Means within the same column followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at P≤0.05.

* High-Oleic

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Table 5.  Seven-Year (37 Tests) Average Field Performance of Three Runner-Type Peanut Varieties at Multilocations in Georgia, 2000-06.

Runner	Disease	Yield	TSMK	Seed	Value
Variety	(%)	(lb/a)	(%)	(no./lb)	($/a)
Georgia-03L	21 c	4285 a	72 b	699 b	960 a
Georgia Green	27 b	3928 b	73 a	853 a	906 b
C-99R	34 a	3716 c	73 a	705 b	838 c

Means within the same column followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at P≤0.05.

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Table 6.  Seven-Year (39 Tests) Average Field Performance of Georgia-01R vs. C-99R over Multilocations in Georgia, 2000-06.

Runner	Disease	Yield	TSMK	Value
Variety	(%)	(lb/a)	(%)	($/a)
Georgia-01R	22 b	3912 a	74 a	899 a
C-99R	34 a	3641 b	73 b	825 b

Means within the same column followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at P≤0.05.

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Table 7.  Four-Year (23 Tests) Average Disease Incidence, Yield, Grade, and Dollar Value of Three Runner-Type Peanut Varieties at Multilocations in Georgia, 2003-06.

Runner	Disease	Yield	TSMK	Value
Variety	(%)	(lb/a)	(%)	($/a)
*Georgia-02C	23 c	4058 a	74 a	744 a
AP-3	28 b	3820 b	69 b	649 b
Carver	38 a	3654 b	69 b	628 b

Means within the same column followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at P≤0.05.

* High-Oleic

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Table 8.  Nine-Year (50 Tests) Average Performance of Three Virginia-Type Peanut Varieties at Multilocations in Georgia, 1998-06.

Virginia	Yield	TSMK	ELK	Seed	Value
Variety	(lb/a)	(%)	(%)	(no./lb)	($/a)
*Georgia Hi-O/L	3778 a	72 a	38 a	591 a	940 a
NC-V 11	3395 b	67 b	30 b	595 a	795 b
Gregory	3440 b	65 c	39 a	525 b	788 b

Means within the same column followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at P≤0.05.

* High-Oleic

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Table 9.  Six-Year (32 Tests) Average Disease Incidence, Pod Yield, TSMK Grade, ELK Grade, Seed Count, and Dollar Values of Georgia-05E vs. Georgia Hi-O/L in Georgia, 2001-06.

Virginia	Disease	Yield	TSMK	ELK	Seed	Value
Variety	(%)	(lb/a)	(%)	(%)	(no./lb)	($/a)
*Georgia-05E	27 b	4090 a	76 a	48 a	617 a	811 a
*Georgia Hi-O/L	33 a	3695 b	73 b	40 b	593 a	682 b

Means within the same column followed by the same letter do not differ significantly at P≤0.05.

* High-Oleic

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