Commodities: Fieldcrops: Peanuts
2009 Peanut Update
CULTIVARS AVAILABLE FOR PLANTING IN 2009
John P. Beasley, Jr.
In 2009, there will be 13 cultivars with seed availability ranging from adequate to very limited. Several cultivars are in the process of acreage reduction due to lack of interest or less than acceptable performance. The seed handlers, primarily the shellers, want to reduce the number of cultivars they handle to a manageable level, which they indicate is 5-6 cultivars. Their objective is to determine which 5 or 6 of the remaining 13 are the ones you want to plant. Based on feedback from the seed handlers the following 13 cultivars will be available.
Georgia Green
Georgia-02C
Georgia-03L
Georgia-06G
Florida-07
AT 3085RO
Tifguard
York
AP-3
AP-4 – limited seed supply
AT 215 – limited seed supply
Georgia-07W – very limited seed supply
Georgia Greener – very limited seed supply
Some will have limited, or very limited, seed supply due to the fact they were released in the past couple of years and the seed increase program is still in the process of multiplying the seed supply. Eight cultivars will account for the majority of acreage. Those cultivars are: Georgia Green, Georgia-02C, Georgia-03L, Georgia-06G, Florida-07, AT 3085RO, Tifguard and York.
The supply of AP-3 will be decreased this year while the supply of AP-4 will be increased. Seed supply of Georgia-06G and Florida-07 will not meet the demand by producers. Those two cultivars performed very well in 2008 and they are both in high demand. It will take another year of seed increase this year before the seed supply is adequate to meet the demand. According to Georgia Crop Improvement Association (GCIA) data, Georgia Green will account for approximately 40% of the seed supply in 2009, down from 60% in 2008. Seed supply of Georgia-07W and Georgia Greener are being increased since they were just recently released. Seed supply of Georgia-03L will begin to decrease beginning with this growing season. The demand for it has diminished with the demand for Georgia-06G and Florida-07. You will notice that C-99R is not on the list of cultivars available in 2009. It is being phased out by all seed handlers.
Here are a few guidelines for selecting a cultivar for specific production issues:
1) Dryland Production – Georgia Green is still the best option for dryland production, especially if there is below normal rainfall during the growing season. It has a smaller pod size and seed size, as well as less canopy and leaf area thereby requiring less water than other cultivars. Georgia-02C is a good second choice for dryland production because of its late maturity. If there are one or more drought periods during a growing season Georgia-02C has the lengthy maturity to compensate for those drought periods. The least desirable options for dryland production are the large seeded cultivars like Florida-07, Tifguard, and Georgia-06G.
2) Planting Early – If planting in mid to late April it is recommended to plant the cultivars with the highest level of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Those would include AP-3, Georgia-06G, Florida-07, Tifguard, York, or Georgia-07W. DO NOT plant Georgia Green and AT 215 in April. They are more susceptible to TSWV than other cultivars and should be planted in the second or third week of May.
3) Planting Late Due to Small Grain Harvest or Weather – In years in which carrying a small grain crop to grain harvest, or in years in which weather conditions (too dry or too wet) forces planting in late May or early June the best cultivar option is AT 215. In our planting date trials AT 215 has performed poorly when planted in April or early May but has been one of the best performers when planted in late May or early June. AT 215 matures approximately two weeks earlier than Georgia Green. The next best option when forced to plant late would be Georgia Green. Avoid planting cultivars that mature later than Georgia Green if forced to plant in June. These would include AP-3, Florida-07, and Georgia-02C.
4) Peanut Root-Knot Nematode fields – Tifguard is the best option in the case of a field that has a known history of peanut root-knot nematode problems. It has very good resistance to PRKN. The next best option would be a short season cultivar like AT 215. The shorter season cultivars provide the nematodes less time to produce additional populations that increase populations.
5) Cylindrocladium Black Rot fields - The best option for fields that have a history of Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR) is Georgia-02C.
Cultivar Maturity Ranges relative to Georgia Green (135-140 days under normal growing conditions)
10-14 days earlier |
Same as GG |
7 days later |
2-3 weeks later |
AT 215 |
Georgia-03L |
AP-3 |
Georgia-02C |
Georgia-06G |
McCloud |
York |
|
AT 3085RO |
Florida-07 |
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Tifguard |
Georgia-07W |
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AP-4 |
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Georgia Greener |