1	2005 Peanut Harvest Update John P. Beasley, Jr. Professor and Extension Peanut Agronomist Crop and Soil Sciences Department University of Georgia
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3	2005 Planted Acreage USDA-FSA
4	"SE (GA," SE (GA, AL, FL, MS) 1,137,998 acres (70.1%) w/i SE – GA = 66%, AL = 19.1%, FL = 13.6%, MS = 1.2% SW (TX, OK, NM) 308,351 acres (19.0%) VC (NC, SC, VA) 175,074 acres (10.8%) Other (LA, AR, KS, MN, AZ, ID) 1,158 acres
5	USDA-NASS Crop Estimate Oct 1, 2005
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7	Virginia Dr. Joel Faircloth – Virginia Tech Mixed reports ranging from good to pretty bad with little in between Acreage down to about 23,000 and anticipating another decrease in 2006 Disease pressure seemed minimal for many producers – conditions were not favorable for sclerotinia (which can significantly impact input costs). Hope to average 3,000, but tough to get a handle with wide range of yields Year was driven completely by moisture – situation of “haves” and “have nots”
8	North Carolina Dr. David Jordan – NC State University Rain in late Oct slowed harvest, followed by cooler and drier weather which aided harvest Major issue with Seg 2 loads due to excessive cloudy/wet weather and above normal temps Most Seg 2’s were those dug and allowed to air dry in early Oct Those peanuts stayed on the ground upwards of 3 weeks under cloudy and warm conditions Some growers had 100% Seg 2, while others were 30-60%
9	North Carolina Dr. David Jordan – NC State University Counties in extreme northeastern NC were most affected with Seg 2 problems There was a smattering of the Seg 2 problem over the entire NC and VA area Hull brightness has also been a problem Yields are in the 3,000 lbs/A range Quality for the in-shell market has deteriorated over the past few weeks
10	South Carolina Dr. Jay Chapin – Clemson University Yield and grade significantly down from previous two years Sept drought reduced yield on some dryland acreage but major yield loss factor was 8 days of rain and drizzle in heart of Oct harvest A lot of virginia-type crop stayed in ground too long resulting in some severe pod loss Oct weather system was a “double whammy” – some of the fields dug before the rain hit went Seg 2 Peanuts on top of ground were in a warm mist chamber for 8 straight days (mold and sprouting)
11	South Carolina Dr. Jay Chapin – Clemson University Major economic disease factors were TSWV and white mold (southern stem rot) White mold was a contributing factor in pod losses where peanuts stayed in ground too long Excellent yields and grades, even on dryland, where gotten out of field on time (most growers had at least part of their crop affected by the week of unusual weather in Oct Summary – great crop going into Sept, a good crop going into Oct, and a below average crop by the end of Oct
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13	Oklahoma Dr. John Damicone – Oklahoma State Univ. We have a strong crop, probably over 90% complete Warm fall was a plus, except often had to water to dig Had frost out west last week of Oct – no problems reported Maturity looked way ahead of normal – should be good grades Disease pressure was moderate
14	Texas Dr. Todd Baugham – Texas A&M University Crop still coming out in Texas (as of Nov 3) It has been a slow process due to peanuts taking a long time to finish out wet weather early in the harvest season growers trying to field dry so as not to have to pay high drying costs Crop prospects still look good for the most part No major disease problems to speak of Growers most concerned about current and future price and supply
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16	Mississippi Dr. Alan Blaine – Mississippi State Univ. Lot of new growers Expansion of acres (2X) by second and third year growers There is big interest in continued peanut production in Mississippi New ground with good yields in 2004 & 2005 Expect more expansion in Delta (north of Vicksburg) following cotton
17	Florida Dr. Barry Tillman – University of Florida Yields in Florida will be down from historical averages Tentative yield projections from county agents Jackson County – 2,500 Santa Rosa County– down 500-700 from 3,300 avg Levy County – down, but not sure how much Overall, this year below 2004 Some very good fields and some very poor ones Bottom line – yields average to below average with heavy spotted wilt virus
18	"Crop has been spotty" Crop has been spotty Sandy ridges with good rotation and good disease control produced good peanuts Much of the heavier, poorly drained soils did not produce a good crop Grades were lower than growers expected Wet summer (11 inches in June) didn’t leave many days to spray for diseases, therefore, growers were behind before they got started (it is hard to play catch up on disease control)
19	"Summer was wet but harvest..." Summer was wet but harvest months of Sept and Oct were dry and drier As harvest season lengthened, peanuts became more difficult to harvest and field losses increased In past years, crop was harvested at a moisture content between 13 and 18%. With few exceptions, this year the crop was harvested at 10-12% This affected quality and will result in abundant splits in the shelling plants
20	Georgia Dr. John Beasley – University of Georgia Yield potential between 2,700 and 2,900 lbs/A Worse year for tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) since 1998 or 1999 (we can’t explain why) Three-cornered alfalfa hopper damage was more severe than we realized. Had a major impact on yield potential but we are unable to determine how much White mold pressure was heavy in many fields When it turned dry in Sept, WM moved underground onto pods
21	GEORGIA CROP CONDITIONS August 28 – October 16, 2005
22	Georgia Crop Conditions as of Mid October 2003, 2004, 2005
23	Georgia Dr. John Beasley – University of Georgia Why the low grades early in the harvest? My theory is that the drought hit when a significant portion of many fields had immature pods (high in moisture content) that shriveled when they dried before grading Florida beggarweed and Palmer amaranth were major problems for some producers Weed scientists in SE concerned as glyphosate resistant Palmer amaranth was found in Georgia in 2005 We MUST reduce acreage in 2006 to improve rotation sequence and reduce disease pressure
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